title: 2005–2009 — Dirac physics and a research gold rush description: Massless-Dirac experiments, Raman habits, CVD beginnings, first vendor noise. tags:
- timeline
Evidence: Well-supported
Science
- 2005: Transport and spectroscopy lock in graphene carriers as massless Dirac fermions — Wallace’s picture on a real flake (1947, 2004).
- Quantum Hall work, Raman fingerprints (D/G/2D), and early CVD on metals become community habits.
- Citation explosion. Labs stand up graphene groups as a default, not a novelty.
Industry seeds
Early companies and patents around nanoplatelets, transparent conductors, composites. Specialist press (e.g. Graphene-Info from 2009) starts the weekly-vendor drumbeat that still shapes 2026 coverage. Log first appearances on companies when a named firm or product line is documented.